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Ivan A. Strenski, Ph.D., Chair
Department Office, 1609 Humanities and
  Social Sciences; (909) 787-3612
  http://www.ucr.edu/religious

Professors
Joel W. Martin, Ph.D. (Religious Studies/History)Rupert Costo Chair in American Indian Affairs
June E. O'Connor, Ph.D.
Brian K. Smith, Ph.D.
Ivan A. Strenski, Ph.D. Holstein Family & Community Chair in Religious Studies
Professors Emeriti
Francis H. Cook, Ph.D.
Douglas M. Parrott, Ph.D.
Associate Professor
Vivian-Lee Nyitray, Ph.D. (Religious Studies/Comparative Literature and Foreign Languages)

MAJOR

The Department of Religious Studies provides an opportunity for students to gain a broad, cross-cultural perspective by studying the diverse religious traditions of the world. Religion has always played a crucial role in human history, thought, and culture and continues to do so today. Students are able to examine the texts, symbols, myths, rituals, ideas, values, and ethical systems of many religious traditions, such as Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, African and Native American religions.

Holstein Family & Community Chair in Religious Studies

Of particular interest is the work of the Holstein Chair, which engages thought on the interactions of religions and cultures as these are manifested in cultural, social, ethical, and historical debates.

Majoring in Religious Studies can be an excellent preparation for living in a multicultural society and for a variety of careers, such as teaching, counseling, business, law, writing, the arts, and professional religious leadership. Religious Studies at UCR develops in students a number of valuable and transferable skills. These skills include disciplined attention to the facts (texts, ideas, history, behavior); critical reflection and analysis about claims of meaning and value and about assumptions and methods used in the study of religion; and descriptive and analytical writing about religious history, ideas, motivations, practices, and ethical concerns. The study of religion enables students to become well informed and independent thinkers, prepared to engage in fact finding research, to collect and organize ideas, and to analyze and make judgements which are required by any profession or position. A minor in Religious Studies is also available. Students are encouraged to consult with the Department Chair and other faculty about their questions and interests.

Degree Requirements

University Requirements

See the Undergraduate Studies section for requirements that all students must satisfy.

College Requirements

See Degree Requirements, College of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences, in the Undergraduate Studies Section, for requirements that students must satisfy.

Major Requirements

The major requirements for the B.A. degree in Religious Studies are as follows:

1.  Lower-division requirements (12 units)

a)  RLST 005
b)  RLST 012/ETST 012
c)  One additional 4-unit course in Religious Studies or equivalent

The programs of all majors should be developed in consultation with their advisors.

Art History/Religious Studies Major

The Art History/Religious Studies Major combines the disciplinary interest in the history of the visual arts with its related religious content and background. Three concentrations are offered. Students are expected to select one family of religions, either Asian or Western, and combine it with the study of the history of the visual arts in the corresponding area of artistic endeavor. Or, students wishing to combine Asian and Western materials to serve a comparative purpose are invited to design their own major in consultation with faculty representatives from both departments. Students are strongly encouraged to participate in the Education Abroad Program (EAP) and in internships abroad. Students in this major will be well prepared for graduate studies in either art history or religious studies.

Major Requirements

The major requirements for the B.A. degree in Art History/Religious Studies are as follows:

All requirements of the College of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences.

Western Concentration (52 units)

1.  Lower division requirements (16 units)

a)  Art History (12 units): AHS 017A, AHS 017B, AHS 017C
b)  Religious Studies (4 units) choose from:RLST 007, RLST 010

Minor

Requirements for a minor in Religious Studies are as follows:

1.  Lower-division requirements (12 units)

a)  RLST 005
b)  RLST 012/ETST 012
c)  One additional 4-unit course in Religious Studies

Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Prerequisite(s): none. A survey of the major Asian religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, and Shinto, with particular emphasis on thought structures, practices, and ethics. Readings in the basic texts of the traditions. Credit is awarded for only one of RLST 005 or RLST 005H.

RLST 005H. Honors Introduction to Asian Religions. (4)

Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour; extra reading, three hours. Prerequisite(s): admission to the University Honors Program or consent of instructor. Honors course corresponding to RLST 005. A survey of the major Asian religious traditions such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, and Shinto, with particular emphasis on thought structures, practices, and ethics. Readings in basic texts of the traditions. Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC) grading is not available. Credit is awarded for only one of RLST 005 or RLST 005H.

RLST 007. Introduction to Western Religions. (4)

Lecture, three hours; field, three hours. Prerequisite(s): none. An introductory survey of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Emphasis is placed on distinguishing characteristics, major ceremonies, foundation texts, and historical interactions. Students have opportunities to hear and question representatives of various branches and visit services.

RLST 010. Introduction to the Bible. (4)

Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Prerequisite(s): none. A preparation for informed study of the Bible. Examines contemporary interpretive stances, history, methods, and major themes. Significant portions of the Bible are studied in the process.

RLST 012. Religious Myths and Rituals. (4)

Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Prerequisite(s): none. An introduction to the meanings, origins, and functions of religion; the roles of myths, rituals, and symbols; and images of transcendence. Religious beliefs and expressions are examined from diverse cultural perspectives. Source materials are drawn from indigenous Native (North and South) American, African American, and/or Asian American religions. Cross-listed with ETST 012. Credit is awarded for only one of ETST 012/RLST 012 or ETST 012H/RLST 012H.

RLST 012H. Honors Religious Myths and Rituals. (4)

Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour; extra reading, three hours. Prerequisite(s): admission to the University Honors Program or consent of instructor. An introduction to the meanings, origins, and functions of religion; the roles of myths, rituals, and symbols; images of transcendence; and understanding religious beliefs and expressions from diverse cultural perspectives. Source materials are drawn from indigenous Native (North and South) American, African American, and/or Asian American religions. Cross-listed with ETST 012H. Credit is awarded for only one of ETST 012/RLST 012 or ETST 012H/RLST 012H.

RLST 014. Religion and Science. (4)

Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Introduction to major themes in the relation of science and religion. Primary focus is on conflicts between Western religions and science, but attention is also paid to particular problems encountered by Buddhism and Hinduism. Topics include creationism and Darwinian evolution; modern cosmology and the significance of earthly life; and the trial of Galileo. Explores modern meditations on the possibility of new religious meaning in a scientific cosmos through the study of contemporary science fiction and film.

RLST 015. Death. (4)

Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Prerequisite(s): none. Investigates the physiological aspects of facing death and dealing with dying persons; cross-cultural religious and philosophical interpretations of death (as new life, resurrection, rebirth, etc.); and medical, ethical, and legal issues such as physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia. Credit is awarded for only one of RLST 015 or RLST 015H.

RLST 015H. Honors Death. (4)

Seminar, three hours; individual research, three hours. Prerequisite(s): admission to the University Honors Program or consent of instructor. Honors course corresponding to RLST 015. An examination of three sets of issues pertaining to death and dying: psychological and experiential aspects of facing medical crisis, illness, death, and grief; cross-cultural perspectives on the ways in which death is conceived in selected religions of the world with respect to life and claims about afterlife; public policy issues that involve ethical, legal, and medical concerns regarding euthanasia, physician-assisted suicide, and hospice alternatives. Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC) grading is not available. Credit is awarded for only one of RLST 015 and RLST 015H.

RLST 044. Gods, Ghosts, and Grandparents. (4)

Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Considers some of the different ways the Chinese regarded--and still regard--gods, ghosts, and ancestors. Nearly all the readings are primary sources spanning almost four thousand years of Chinese history and include texts on oracle bones, philosophical arguments for and against the existence of spirits, tomb contracts for the dead, a sutra promoting the goddess Guanyin as Giver of Sons, ghost stories, and eyewitness accounts of funeral rituals. Cross-listed with HIST 044.

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): one Religious Studies course or upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Survey of critics and defenders of religion who debate meanings and functions of religions in light of modern challenges. Topics include religious pluralism due to cross-cultural encounters in Africa, Asia, and the Americas; wars among religions; theories of evolution; discovery of the unconscious; rise of behavioral and social sciences.

RLST 101. Religions of India. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): one lower-division course in Religious Studies or consent of instructor. An examination of the major religious traditions in India with special emphasis on Hinduism and Buddhism.

RLST 102. Contemporary Themes in Religion and Theory. (4)

Lecture, three hours; outside research, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. A survey of contemporary cultural issues which pose challenges to the nature of religion and the way it is studied in the public university. Issues discussed include race, gender, power, colonialism, and religious commitment.

RLST 103. Confucianism. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): AST 030/CHN 030 or RLST 005 or RLST 005H or upper-division standing or consent of instructor. A study of Confucian thought and practice. Special attention is given to the classical cultivation of virture and ritual practice, the historical spread of the tradition beyond China, and contemporary issues such as gender and human rights.

RLST 105. Religions of Japan. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): one lower-division course in Religious Studies or consent of instructor. An examination of the major religious traditions in Japan with special emphasis on Shinto and Japanese Buddhism.

RLST 106. Buddhism. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Aspects of the history and development of Buddhism in its major forms (Theraveda, Mahayana, and Vajrayana). Studies of principal sutras, biographies, ethical treatises, birth narratives, and poetry.

RLST 107. Taoist Traditions. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): AST 030/CHN 030 or upper-division standing or consent of instructor. A survey of the ancient mystical and philosophical aspects of Taoism as well as the living religious tradition, their relationships to each other, and their expression in Chinese culture and civilization. Topics include the Tao Te Ching, the Chuang-tzu, the Taoist Canon, meditation, immortality, alchemy, and ritual. Cross-listed with AST 107 and CHN 107.

RLST 108. Modern Hinduism. (4)

Lecture, three hours; extra reading, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. A survey of developments in the Hindu religious tradition during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, inside and outside of India. Topics covered include the impact of colonialism and nationalism on Hinduism, the rise of neo-Hindu movements, modern Hindu "fundamentalism," and Hinduism in the modern Western world.

RLST 109. New Religious Movements. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Analyzes the contexts in which new religions emerge, their relations with dominant religious traditions or normative cultures, and the religious content of such movements. Examines the "cult" versus "religion" debate; apocalyptic, eschatological, and millennial views of the world; the nature of charismatic leadership; regional patterns; and transnational trends.

RLST 111. Islam. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. An overview of Islam from the time of Muhammad (d. 632 A.D.) to the present. Attention is given to its distinctive beliefs and practices, its influence upon societies in which it became dominant, and its interaction with other traditions.

RLST 112. Islam and the West. (4) S

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Examines assumptions about Islam and "the West" with a special eye towards critically examining stereotypes. Selected topics such as the media, immigration, and politics as salient factors in the construction of the relationship between Islam and the West are addressed.

RLST 113. Topics in Modern Islam. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Examines key issues facing Islam in the modern world such as Islam's engagement with and reaction to nationalism, feminism, the status of sacred texts in the face of critical historical and philological studies, science, and technology.

RLST 115. Religious Fundamentalism. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. A survey of the worldwide "fundamentalist" movement of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, concentrating on materials from Protestant Christianity in America, Islam in the Middle East, Hinduism in India, and Judaism in Israel.

RLST 116. Religion and Violence. (4)

Lecture, three hours; outside research, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Explores the capacity of religion to mobilize and legitimate violence. Materials covered include theoretical texts by Rene Girard, Walter Burkert, Jonathan Z. Smith, and others, and case studies dealing with religion and violence in India, Northern Ireland, Egypt, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, Sri Lanka, and the United States.

RLST 117. Mythology. (4)

Lecture, three hours; extra reading, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. A comparative study of mythic traditions from several world cultures and religions viewed from a variety of theoretical perspectives. Includes material drawn from epics, religious texts, divine hymns, creation myths, heroic legends, and concepts of the afterlife as reflected in literary and nonliterary sources. Cross-listed with CLA 112 and WRLT 112.

RLST 119. Sacrifice. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. An analysis and survey of sacrifice as a category of ritual and as a concept with broad application. Materials are drawn from a wide range of Eastern and Western religious sources, both ancient and modern.

RLST 121. The Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. A survey of the collection of books usually called the Old Testament by Christians and the Bible by Jews (the acronym T'N'CH is often used by Jews as well). The books are examined in their historical, cultural, and religious contexts, with attention to the methods of modern literary criticism.

RLST 124 (E-Z). Studies in Judaism from 70 C.E. to Modern Period. (4)

Lecture, three hours; reading and consultation, one hour. Exploration of developments in Judaism during this period, such as the collection of the Mishna, the development of the Talmud, Jewish Gnosticism, the medieval philosophers, Hassidism, the Reform, Orthodox and Conservative movements.

RLST 128 (E-Z). Topics in the Bible. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Academic examination of issues relating to the Bible. Consult the Department for a list of topics. Examples include the social world of the Bible; the contemporary examination of the sources of the Gospels; the Bible and women; Hebrew law in the Bible; the Bible and contemporary moral issues.

RLST 130. The Bible: New Testament. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study,three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. An examination of the literature and history of the early Christian movement. Attention is given to New Testament materials and apocryphal writings.

RLST 131. Jesus. (4)

Lecture, three hours. A quest after the historical Jesus, using the methods of modern scholarship, and including a review of those who have dealt with the problem from Reimarus (Eighteenth Century) to the present.

RLST 135. History of Christianity. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. History of Christianity from its origins to the twentieth century, with historical emphases determined by faculty expertise. Cross-listed with HISE 130.

RLST 136. Augustine and Aquinas. (4)

Lecture, three hours; extra reading, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Examination of selected writings by and about Augustine of Hippo (354-450) and Thomas Aquinas (1226-1274), whose works have had a major impact on Western religions, literature, and history. Themes addressed include the search for wisdom, the nature of happiness, what constitutes a good life, the nature of freedom and the source of evil, the existence of God, the relationships between faith and reason, the power and limits of language.

RLST 137A-RLST 137B. History of Religion in America. (4-4)

Lecture, three hours; term paper, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor; HIST 017A and HIST 017B or HISA 110A or HISA 110B. An account of the religious motivations in the exploration and colonization of America, followed by an examination of religion's role in the expansion of the West, together with attention to nineteenth- and twentieth-century religious movements and ideas. Cross-listed with HISA 122A-HISA 122B.

RLST 138. Colonialism and Religions in Mexico. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. The survival, revival, and invention of religious traditions in ancient and contemporary Mesoamerica. Indigenous and immigrant religions are examined through a variety of themes: myths and rituals of pre-Columbian peoples; sexuality and eroticism in religion; Indian theology and theogony; Counter Reformation Catholicism; growing religious syncretisms.

RLST 142. Chuang-tzu. (4)

Lecture, one hour; discussion, two hours; outside research, one hour; extra reading, one hour; term paper, one hour. Prerequisite(s): RLST 005 or RLST 005H or AST 107/CHN 107/RLST 107 or consent of instructor. An examination of chaos, epistemological and linguistic relativism, fate, skill, and the character of the sage in perhaps the most significant of all Chinese Taoist texts, the Chuang-tzu. Discussion of the structure and style of this literary masterpiece. Students with knowledge of classical Chinese may arrange additional work through special studies. Cross-listed with AST 142 and CHN 142.

RLST 144. Buddhist Literature. (4)

Lecture, two hours; discussion, one hour; term paper, three hours. Prerequisite(s): RLST 005 or RLST 005H or RLST 101 or RLST 105 or RLST 106 or consent of instructor. Readings in canonical Buddhist narratives and examination of the themes of emptiness and impermanence in Buddhist-inspired literature. Examples are drawn from classical and modern Asian prose and poetry as well as from the work of contemporary American authors. Cross-listed with CPLT 144.

RLST 160. Women and Religion. (4)

Lecture, three hours; consultation, one hour. Prerequisite(s): consent of the instructor. Examination of attitudes toward and images of women in diverse religious traditions, including such issues as the presence and absence of women in leadership roles, women's spiritual experience, female founders of religious groups, and recent developments in feminist religious thought. Cross-listed with WMST 160.

RLST 163. The Women of Early Christianity. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Explores the social roles and literary constructs of early Christian women as evidenced in the New Testament, patristic, and Apocryphal writings. Also considers the significance of those textual traditions for later Western ideas about women's social roles, including traditional and feminist theories. Cross-listed with WMST 163.

RLST 167. Religion and Film. (4)

Lecture, three hours; screening, three hours. Prerequisite(s): ETST 012/RLST 012 or ETST 012H/RLST 012H; upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Examines the intersections of film, religious meaning, and contemporary society.

RLST 170. Current Issues in Religious Ethics. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): one lower-division course in Religious Studies or consent of instructor. Consideration of the ethical dimension in contemporary religious and social issues (for example, war, sexuality, sexism, racism, hunger, ecology, medical ethics). Historical and contemporary religious thought will provide resources for critical reflection on these areas of decision-making.

RLST 171. Religion and Capitalism. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Examines religious foundations of market society. Compares market society to pre-capitalist societies. Special attention is given to the Weber thesis, social Darwinism, Marcel Mauss' The Gift, and public policy issues, such as acquisitiveness, altruism, competition, poverty, slavery, and wealth.

RLST 172. Individualism in Comparative Perspective. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. The emergence of the individual as a sacred being in the West, studied in comparison with notions of the human person characteristic of traditional Confucianism, Hinduism, and Shinto as well as the more recent case of Maoist thought in modern China. Buddhism as an indigenous Asian individualism.

RLST 175. Religion and Human Rights. (4)

Lecture, three hours; independent research, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. An examination of selected human rights struggles with particular attention given to the role of religion. Case examples are taken from North and Latin America, South Africa, South Asia, or China, among others.

RLST 176. Peace and War. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): none. Peace and war from diverse religious and ethical perspectives. Nuclear and conventional war and revolutionary wars of liberation will be addressed as ethical issues requiring social policy and personal decision. "Just war," "holy war," nonviolence, and pacifism are historical resources for reflection and analysis.

RLST 178. Religion and the Biographical Image. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. A study of the construction and continuing appropriation of biographical images (textual and visual narratives) in selected religious traditions. Special attention to problems of intertextuality and the medium of presentation in the communication of "religious" meaning. Cross-listed with WRLT 178.

RLST 184. Contemporary Christian Theologies. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. A study of contemporary Christian theologies and schools of thought in the context of history and society. In addition to selected thinkers, the following movements are studied: orthodoxy; neoorthodoxy; Christian existentialism; evangelical, ecumenical, secular, process, liberation, and feminist theologies.

RLST 185. Liberation Theologies. (4)

Lecture, three hours; individual study, three hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Examination of a literature that addresses and assesses global inequities and that emerges from religious communities in the Americas, Asia, and Africa. National and international voices that raise questions about cross-cultural interdependencies, poverty and wealth, oppression and liberation, justice and domination, the uses and abuses of power, and the many functions of religion, together with their critics, are examined.

RLST 190. Special Studies. (1-5)

To be taken with consent of the chair of the program to meet special curricular problems.

RLST 191 (E-Z). Seminar in Religious Studies. (4)

Seminar, three hours; one hour, to be arranged. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. A series of seminars, normally interdisciplinary in character, whose topics will be announced in advance.

RLST 195. Senior Thesis. (1-4)

Enrollment by request of student with the approval of the Program faculty, which must be granted no later than the quarter before the course is to be taken. May be taken for four units only in the first or second quarter of the senior year; two more units may be taken in a subsequent quarter. Total credit may not exceed 6 units.

RLST 197. Research for Undergraduates. (4)

Individual research, three to six hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Directed individual research. Normally graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC), but students may petition the instructor for a letter grade on the basis of assigned extra work or examination. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 4 units.

RLST 198-I. Individual Internships. (1-12)

An individually designed, academically grounded program that provides an opportunity for advanced majors to learn through participation about religious organization and professional religious activities. Approval of instructor must be secured in the quarter prior to taking the course. One unit for every three hours per week spent in internship. Graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Repeatable to 16 units.

RLST 199. Senior Research. (4)

Outside research, nine hours; consultation, one hour. Prerequisite(s): senior standing or consent of instructor. Individual research in religious studies. In consultation with faculty, students design a research project in light of previous research, course work, and questions. Students meet regularly as a group with instructor to discuss differing kinds of data studied by scholars of religion and to address differing methodological approaches. In the group forum, they also present their work in progress.

Practicum, three to twelve hours. Prerequisite(s): appointment as a Teaching Assistant; graduate standing. Supervised teaching in lower- and upper-division Religious Studies courses. Graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable.